1. Kupikisana pamakampani opanga chakudya
Malinga ndi ziwerengero zamakampani azakudya m'dziko la China, m'zaka zaposachedwa, ngakhale kuti chakudya chaku China chakwera kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa mabizinesi aku China kwawonetsa kutsika kwambiri.Chifukwa chake ndikuti makampani opanga zakudya ku China akusintha pang'onopang'ono kuchoka pazambiri kupita ku njira yayikulu, ndipo mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi ukadaulo wosapanga bwino komanso mtundu wazinthu, komanso kuzindikira koyipa, akusinthidwa pang'onopang'ono.Nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa cha zinthu monga opikisana nawo komanso kukonzanso mafakitale, komanso kuchuluka kwa ndalama zogwirira ntchito ndi zopangira, kuchuluka kwa phindu la mabizinesi odyetsa chakudya kukuchepa, ndipo mabizinesi akuluakulu opangira zinthu amatha kupitilizabe kuchita mpikisano wamakampani.
Komano, mabizinesi akuluakulu opanga mabizinesi amapezerapo mwayi pazachuma chawo ndikugwiritsa ntchito mwayi wophatikizana ndi mafakitale kuti awonjezere mphamvu zawo zopangira kudzera pakuphatikizana kapena maziko atsopano opangira, kupititsa patsogolo kukhazikika kwamakampani, ndikulimbikitsa kusintha kwapang'onopang'ono kwa China. chakudya chamafuta mpaka kukula ndi kukulitsa.
2. Makampani opanga zakudya amakhala mozungulira, m'chigawo, komanso nyengo
(1) Chigawo
Madera omwe amapanga mafakitale aku China ali ndi mawonekedwe ena am'madera, pazifukwa zotsatirazi: choyamba, China ili ndi gawo lalikulu, ndipo pali kusiyana kwakukulu kwa mitundu ya mbewu ndi zokolola zambewu zomwe zimabzalidwa m'madera osiyanasiyana.Chakudya chophatikizika kwambiri ndi chakudya chosakanikirana chimakhala chambiri kumpoto, pomwe chakudya chamagulu ambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumwera;Kachiwiri, makampani opanga zakudya ndi ogwirizana kwambiri ndi zaulimi, ndipo chifukwa cha zakudya zosiyanasiyana komanso mitundu yoswana m'madera osiyanasiyana, palinso kusiyana kwa madera muzakudya.Mwachitsanzo, m’madera a m’mphepete mwa nyanja, ulimi wa m’madzi ndiyo njira yaikulu, pamene kumpoto chakum’maŵa ndi kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa China, kuli nyama zolusa zoŵetedwa ng’ombe ndi nkhosa;Chachitatu, mpikisano wamakampani opanga zakudya ku China ndi wowopsa, wokhala ndi phindu lotsika, zida zovuta komanso zosiyanasiyana, zoyambira zosiyanasiyana, komanso njira yayifupi yoyendera.Chifukwa chake, makampani opanga zakudya nthawi zambiri amatengera chitsanzo cha "kukhazikitsidwa kwa fakitale, kasamalidwe kogwirizana, ndi ntchito zakomweko".Mwachidule, makampani opanga zakudya ku China ali ndi mawonekedwe ena amderali.
(2) Kukhala ndi nthawi
Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza makampani opanga zakudya zimaphatikizapo zinthu zambiri, makamaka kuphatikiza zopangira zopangira chakudya cham'mwamba, monga chimanga ndi soya, komanso kutsika kwamakampani opanga chakudya, zomwe zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi zoweta zadziko.Zina mwa izo, zopangira zam'mwamba ndizofunika kwambiri zomwe zimakhudza mafakitale a chakudya.
Mitengo ya zinthu zambiri monga chimanga ndi soya kumtunda imakhudzidwa ndi kusinthasintha kwina kwamisika yapanyumba ndi yakunja, zochitika zapadziko lonse lapansi, komanso zinthu zanyengo, zomwe zimakhudza mtengo wamakampani ogulitsa chakudya komanso kukhudza mitengo yazakudya.Izi zikutanthauza kuti m'kanthawi kochepa, ndalama za chakudya ndi mitengo zidzasinthanso moyenera.Kusanthula kwamakampani olima m'madzi akutsika ndi zinthu monga matenda a nyama ndi mitengo yamisika, komanso pamakhala kusinthasintha kwa zinthu ndi malonda, zomwe zimakhudza kufunikira kwa chakudya chamagulu mpaka pamlingo wina.Chifukwa chake, pali mawonekedwe ena ozungulira mumakampani azakudya pakanthawi kochepa.
Komabe, ndi kuwongolera kosalekeza kwa moyo wa anthu, kufunikira kwa nyama yopangidwa ndi mapuloteni apamwamba kukuchulukirachulukira, ndipo makampani opanga zakudya akupitilizabe kukhazikika.Ngakhale pali kusinthasintha kwina kwa kufunikira kwa chakudya chifukwa cha matenda a nyama zakumunsi monga African swine fever, m'kupita kwanthawi, makampani opanga chakudya chonse alibe nthawi yowonekera.Nthawi yomweyo, kuchuluka kwamakampani ogulitsa chakudya kukuchulukirachulukira, ndipo mabizinesi otsogola akutsatira mosamalitsa kusintha kwa kufunikira kwa msika, kusintha mwachangu njira zamalonda ndi malonda, ndipo angapindule ndikukula kokhazikika pakufunidwa kwa msika.
(3) Nyengo
Pali chikhalidwe champhamvu patchuthi ku China, makamaka pa zikondwerero monga Chikondwerero cha Spring, Chikondwerero cha Dragon Boat, Mid Autumn Festival, ndi National Day.Kufunika kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyama kwa anthu kudzachulukanso.Mabizinesi obereketsa nthawi zambiri amachulukitsa zomwe amasungiratu kuti athe kuthana ndi kuchuluka kwa kufunikira patchuthi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kufunikira kwakukulu kwa chakudya chisanachitike.Tchuthicho chikatha, kufunikira kwa ziweto, nkhuku, nyama, ndi nsomba kudzachepa, ndipo bizinesi yonse yaulimi yamadzi idzachitanso mofooka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale nyengo yopuma.Kwa chakudya cha nkhumba, chifukwa cha zikondwerero zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri mu theka lachiwiri la chaka, nthawi zambiri imakhala nthawi yapamwamba kwambiri yofuna chakudya, kupanga, ndi malonda.
3. Katundu ndi kufunikira kwamakampani ogulitsa chakudya
Malinga ndi "China Feed Industry Yearbook" ndi "National Feed Industry Statistics" yomwe idatulutsidwa ndi National Feed Industry Office pazaka zambiri, kuyambira 2018 mpaka 2022, chakudya chamakampani ku China chakwera kuchoka pa matani 227.88 miliyoni kufika matani 302.23 miliyoni, ndikuphatikiza pachaka. wasintha mpaka +7.31%.
Kutengera momwe amadyera, gawo lazakudya zophatikizika ndilokwera kwambiri ndipo limakhala ndi kakulidwe kofulumira.Pofika mchaka cha 2022, kuchuluka kwa chakudya chophatikizika pazakudya zonse ndi 93.09%, zomwe zikuwonetsa kukwera.Izi zikugwirizana kwambiri ndi kukula kwa bizinesi yaulimi waku China.Nthawi zambiri, mabizinesi akuluakulu a zamoyo zam'madzi amakonda kugula zopangira zopatsa thanzi komanso zachindunji, pomwe alimi ang'onoang'ono amapulumutsa mtengo waulimi pogula zosakaniza kapena kuyika ndikuzikonza kuti apange chakudya chawo.Makamaka pambuyo pa kufalikira kwa matenda a nkhumba ku Africa, pofuna kutsimikizira chitetezo chachilengedwe m'mafamu a nkhumba, mabizinesi oweta nkhumba amakonda kugula zinthu zopangidwa ndi nkhumba m'njira imodzi, m'malo mogula zinthu zophatikizika komanso zokhazikika kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito pamalowo. .
Zakudya za nkhumba ndi nkhuku ndiye mitundu ikuluikulu yazakudya zaku China.Malinga ndi "China Feed Industry Yearbook" ndi "National Feed Industry Statistical Data" yomwe idatulutsidwa ndi National Feed Industry Office pazaka zapitazi, kutulutsa kwamitundu yazakudya m'magulu osiyanasiyana oweta ku China kuyambira 2017 mpaka 2022.
4. luso mlingo ndi makhalidwe a chakudya makampani
Makampani opanga zakudya nthawi zonse akhala gawo lofunikira paulimi wamakono, kutsogoza kusintha ndi kukweza kwa malonda a ziweto kudzera muzatsopano.Chifukwa cha khama la mafakitale, maphunziro, ndi kafukufuku, makampani opanga zakudya apititsa patsogolo chitukuko chokhazikika chaulimi m'madera monga luso lamakono, kadyedwe koyenera, ndi m'malo mwa mankhwala.Nthawi yomweyo, yalimbikitsa chidziwitso ndi luntha lamakampani opanga zakudya pazida ndi njira zopangira, kupatsa mphamvu makampani opanga chakudya ndiukadaulo wa digito.
(1) Mulingo waukadaulo wamafuta amafuta
Chifukwa chakuchulukirachulukira kwaulimi komanso kuzama kwa kafukufuku wazakudya, kukhathamiritsa kapangidwe kazakudya kwakhala mpikisano waukulu wamakampani opanga chakudya.Kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi zosakaniza zatsopano za chakudya ndi kulowetsamo zakhala njira yotukula makampani, kulimbikitsa kusiyanasiyana ndi zakudya zenizeni za kapangidwe ka chakudya.
Mtengo wa chakudya ndi gawo lalikulu la ndalama zoweta, ndipo zinthu zambiri monga chimanga ndi soya ndizomwe zimafunikira kwambiri pamtengo wa chakudya.Chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwamitengo ya zinthu zopangira chakudya monga chimanga ndi soya, komanso kudalira kwakukulu kwa soya kuchokera kunja, kupeza njira zina zodyetsera zopangira kuti kuchepetsa mtengo wa chakudya chakhala njira yofufuza zamabizinesi.Mabizinesi odyetsa kutengera madera opangira zinthu zina zopangira komanso ubwino wamabizinesi odyetsa chakudya, Njira zina zitha kukhazikitsidwanso.Pankhani ya maantibayotiki m'malo, ndikuwongolera kwaukadaulo, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ofunikira a zomera, ma probiotics, kukonzekera kwa ma enzyme, ndi ma probiotics akuchulukirachulukira.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mabizinesi amakampani akupanganso kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi njira zophatikizira maantibayotiki, kulimbikitsa mayamwidwe azakudya m'mbali zonse kudzera muzophatikiza zowonjezera, ndikupeza zotsatira zabwino zolowa m'malo.
Pakali pano, mabizinesi otsogolera chakudya m'makampani apanga zopambana kwambiri m'malo mwazinthu zambiri zopangira, ndipo amatha kuyankha kusinthasintha kwamitengo yamtengo wapatali kudzera m'malo opangira zinthu;Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa antimicrobial additives kwapita patsogolo, komabe pali vuto losintha kuphatikiza zowonjezera kapena chakudya chomaliza kuti mupeze chakudya choyenera cha chakudya.
5. Njira Zachitukuko za Makampani Odyetsa Zakudya
(1) Kukula ndi kusintha kwakukulu ndi kukweza kwa makampani opanga zakudya
Pakalipano, mpikisano wamakampani opanga zakudya ukukula kwambiri, ndipo mabizinesi akuluakulu opangira chakudya awonetsa mwayi wopikisana nawo pakufufuza ndi chitukuko cha chakudya, kuwongolera mtengo wogula zinthu, kuwongolera khalidwe lazakudya, kugulitsa ndi kupanga dongosolo lamtundu, ndi zina. ntchito.Mu Julayi 2020, kukhazikitsidwa kwathunthu kwa lamulo loletsa miliri komanso kukwera kosalekeza kwa mitengo ya zinthu zazikulu zopangira chakudya monga chimanga ndi soya kwakhudza kwambiri mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati, phindu lalikulu lamakampani ndi kucheperachepera, kukanikiza mosalekeza malo opulumutsira mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati.Mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati okonza chakudya azituluka pang'onopang'ono pamsika, ndipo mabizinesi akulu azitenga malo amsika ochulukirachulukira.
(2) Kupititsa patsogolo mafomu mosalekeza
Chifukwa cha chidziwitso chochulukirachulukira cha ntchito zopangira zopangira komanso kuwongolera mosalekeza nkhokwe zoswana m'mitsinje, kulondola ndikusintha makonda amakampani opanga chakudya kukukulirakulira.Nthawi yomweyo, chikhalidwe cha anthu ndi zachuma komanso kuchuluka kwa anthu ogula akukakamiziranso mabizinesi opangira chakudya kuti aganizire zachitetezo cha chilengedwe cha mpweya wochepa, kukonza nyama, ndi zina zowonjezera popanga ma formula.Zakudya zamafuta ochepa zama protein, chakudya chogwira ntchito, ndi zinthu zina zodyetsa zimaperekedwa pamsika, Kukhathamiritsa kopitilira muyeso kumayimira chitukuko chamtsogolo chamakampani azakudya.
(3) Kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu ya chitsimikizo cha zinthu zopangira chakudya ndikuwongolera mtengo wa chakudya
Zakudya zopangira mafakitale zimaphatikizanso chimanga chopangira mphamvu komanso chakudya cha soya.M'zaka zaposachedwa, kapangidwe ka makampani obzala ku China asintha pang'onopang'ono, mpaka kuwongolera kudzidalira kwazinthu zopangira chakudya.Komabe, momwe zinthu zilili panopa pazakudya zomanga thupi ku China zomwe makamaka zimadalira katundu wochokera kunja zikadalipo, ndipo kusatsimikizika kwazomwe zikuchitika padziko lonse lapansi kumapangitsanso kuti makampani opanga zakudya azitha kutsimikizira zopangira.Kupititsa patsogolo luso lotsimikizira zopangira chakudya ndi chisankho chosapeŵeka kuti mitengo yazakudya ikhale yokhazikika komanso yabwino.
Ngakhale kulimbikitsa kusintha kwadongosolo lamakampani obzala ku China ndikuwongolera kudzidalira kwake, makampani opanga zakudya amalimbikitsa kusiyanasiyana kwa mitundu yochokera kunja ndi magwero azinthu zopangira mapuloteni, monga kuyang'ana mwachangu momwe mayiko ozungulira amathandizira "Lamba ndi Road" ndi mayiko ena kuti alemeretse nkhokwe zoperekera, kulimbikitsa kuwunika, kuwunika ndi chenjezo loyambirira la kupezeka ndi kufunikira kwa zinthu zopangira dzira zoyera, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mokwanira tariff, kusintha kwa magawo ndi njira zina kuti amvetsetse mayendedwe azinthu zopangira. import.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, tidzapitiriza kulimbikitsa kulimbikitsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yatsopano ya zakudya zamagulu m'nyumba, ndikulimbikitsa kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni omwe amawonjezeredwa muzakudya;Limbikitsani nkhokwe ya zipangizo zamakono m'malo, ndi ntchito tirigu, balere, etc. kwa zopangira m'malo pamaziko a kuonetsetsa chakudya quality.Kuphatikiza pa zinthu zachikhalidwe, makampani opanga zakudya akupitilizabe kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zomwe zili m'gulu lazaulimi, monga kuthandizira kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi komanso kuyanika mbewu monga mbatata ndi chinangwa, komanso zaulimi. monga zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, lees, ndi zipangizo zoyambira;Pochita nayonso mphamvu yachilengedwe komanso kutulutsa thupi pazakudya zopangira mafuta, zomwe zili muzinthu zaulimi komanso zam'mbali zimachepetsedwa mosalekeza, kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni kumasinthidwa, kenako kumasinthidwa kukhala zopangira zopangira zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kupanga mafakitale. , kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu ya chitsimikiziro cha chakudya chamafuta.
(4) 'Product+Service' idzakhala imodzi mwampikisano waukulu wamakampani opanga chakudya.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, machitidwe azakudya zam'madzi akutsika m'makampani azakudya akhala akusintha nthawi zonse, pomwe alimi ena aulere komanso mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ang'onoang'ono akukula pang'onopang'ono kukhala minda yamakono ya mabanja kapena kutuluka pamsika.Kutsikira kwa mafakitale ogulitsa chakudya kukuwonetsa mayendedwe, ndipo gawo la msika wa minda yayikulu yam'madzi, kuphatikiza minda yamakono ya mabanja, ikukula pang'onopang'ono.Product+Service "imatanthawuza kupanga mwapadera ndikupereka zinthu zomwe zimakwaniritsa zosowa za makasitomala ndi mabizinesi kutengera zomwe akufuna. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwamakampani odyetsera zam'madzi, zitsanzo zosinthidwa makonda zakhala njira yofunikira kukopa zamoyo zam'madzi zazikuluzikulu zakutsika. makasitomala.
Pogwira ntchito, mabizinesi odyetsa chakudya amakonza dongosolo lapadera lazantchito zomwe zimaphatikizapo kusintha kosalekeza ndi kukhathamiritsa kwa zakudya komanso kasamalidwe ka malo kwa kasitomala m'modzi kutengera zida zawo, majini a nkhumba, komanso thanzi.Kuphatikiza pa chakudya chokha, dongosololi liyeneranso kutsagana ndi maphunziro oyenera, maphunziro, ndi upangiri kuti athandize makasitomala obereketsa otsika pakusintha konse kuchokera ku mapulogalamu ndi ma hardware, kukwaniritsa kukweza kwa kudyetsa, kupewa miliri, kuswana, kupha tizilombo, thanzi. chisamaliro, kupewa ndi kuwongolera matenda, ndi njira zochizira zimbudzi.
M'tsogolomu, makampani odyetsa chakudya adzapereka mayankho amphamvu potengera zosowa za ogwiritsa ntchito osiyanasiyana komanso zowawa zanthawi zosiyanasiyana.Nthawi yomweyo, mabizinesi adzagwiritsa ntchito zidziwitso za ogwiritsa ntchito kukhazikitsa nkhokwe zawo, kusonkhanitsa zidziwitso kuphatikiza zakudya, momwe amadyetsera, ndi malo obereketsa, kusanthula bwino zomwe alimi amakonda komanso zosowa zenizeni za alimi, ndikukulitsa kukhazikika kwamakasitomala pamabizinesi odyetsa chakudya.
(5) Kufunika kwa mapuloteni apamwamba kwambiri otsika ndi ziweto zogwira ntchito ndi nkhuku kukukulirakulira
Ndi kusintha kwa moyo wa anthu okhala ku China, kufunikira kwa mapuloteni apamwamba kwambiri ndi ziweto ndi nkhuku zogwira ntchito kwakhala zikuwonjezeka chaka ndi chaka, monga ng'ombe, mwanawankhosa, nsomba ndi nyama ya shrimp, ndi nkhumba yowonda.Panthawi yopereka lipoti, kupanga chakudya cham'madzi ndi chakudya cham'madzi ku China kunapitilirabe, ndikusunga kukula kwakukulu.
(6) Chakudya chachilengedwe ndi amodzi mwamafakitale omwe akubwera ku China
Chakudya chachilengedwe ndi amodzi mwamafakitale omwe akubwera ku China.Chakudya cha biological chimatanthawuza zinthu zopangira chakudya zomwe zimapangidwa kudzera muukadaulo waukadaulo wa biotechnology monga fermentation engineering, enzyme engineering, ndi uinjiniya wa mapuloteni azinthu zopangira chakudya ndi zowonjezera, kuphatikiza chakudya chofufumitsa, chakudya cha enzymatic, ndi zowonjezera chakudya chachilengedwe.Pakalipano, makampani odyetsa chakudya alowa m'nthawi ya njira zotsutsana ndi mliri, ndi mitengo yamtengo wapatali ya zakudya zopangira zakudya komanso kusintha kwa matenda a nkhumba ku Africa ndi matenda ena.Kupsyinjika ndi zovuta zomwe makampani odyetserako ziweto komanso olima m'madzi akutsika akuwonjezeka tsiku ndi tsiku.Zakudya zamafuta achilengedwe zakhala malo ofufuza padziko lonse lapansi ndikugwiritsa ntchito poweta ziweto chifukwa chaubwino wawo pothandizira chitukuko cha chakudya, kuwonetsetsa chitetezo cha chakudya ndi ziweto, komanso kukonza chilengedwe.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, matekinoloje apakatikati pamakampani opanga chakudya chachilengedwe adakhazikitsidwa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo zotsogola zachitika pakuswana mabakiteriya, njira zowotchera chakudya, zida zopangira, njira zowonjezera zakudya, komanso kukonza manyowa.M'tsogolomu, pansi pa kuletsa ndi kulowetsa maantibayotiki, kukula kwa chakudya chachilengedwe kudzakhala kofulumira.Nthawi yomweyo, makampani opanga zakudya akuyenera kukhazikitsa nkhokwe yazakudya zofufumitsa ndi njira yowunika momwe zimayendera bwino, kugwiritsa ntchito sayansi yazachilengedwe powunikira mwachangu, ndikukonzekeretsa njira ndi njira zofananira zopangira chakudya chamagulu.
(7) Green, wochezeka zachilengedwe, ndi chitukuko zisathe
"Mapulani a Zaka Zisanu za 14" akufotokozeranso ndondomeko ya chitukuko cha mafakitale "kulimbikitsa chitukuko chobiriwira ndi kulimbikitsa kukhalirana pakati pa anthu ndi chilengedwe"."Maganizo Otsogolera pa Kupititsa patsogolo Kukhazikitsidwa ndi Kupititsa patsogolo kwa Green ndi Low Carbon Circular Development Economic System" yomwe inatulutsidwa ndi State Council ikuwonetsanso kuti kukhazikitsa ndi kukonza ndondomeko yachuma yobiriwira ndi yotsika ya carbon ndiyo njira yofunikira yothetsera chuma cha China. , zovuta zachilengedwe ndi zachilengedwe.Zobiriwira, za carbon yochepa, komanso zachilengedwe "ndi njira yofunika kwambiri kuti mabizinesi odyetsa chakudya akwaniritse chitukuko chokhazikika, ndipo ndi imodzi mwa madera omwe makampani odyetsa zakudya adzapitiriza kuyang'ana kwambiri m'tsogolomu. zotsatira zina zoipa pa chilengedwe, ndipo gwero lalikulu la kuipitsa m'mafamu a m'madzi ndi ndowe za nyama, zomwe zimakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zovulaza monga ammonia ndi hydrogen sulfide zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa zimaipitsa madzi ndi nthaka kudzera muzinthu zachilengedwe, ndipo mwina Zimakhudzanso thanzi la ogula, monga gwero la chakudya cha nyama, ndi gawo lofunikira pakuchepetsa kuipitsidwa kwazakudya zam'madzi. mafuta, kukonzekera kwa enzyme, ndi kukonzekera kwa microecological ku chakudya, potero kuchepetsa utsi wa zinthu zomwe zimakhudza chilengedwe monga ndowe, ammonia, ndi phosphorous.M'tsogolomu, mabizinesi odyetsa zakudya apitiliza kupanga magulu ofufuza akatswiri kuti afufuze ndikupanga sayansi yaukadaulo yaukadaulo, kupeza kukhazikika pakati pa zobiriwira, zotsika mtengo komanso zowongolera mtengo.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-10-2023