Chifukwa cha kutsika ngati phulusa, nayitrogeni, ndi sulufule mu biomass poyerekeza ndi mphamvu za mchere, zili ndi mapangidwe akuluakulu, kaboni, komanso zinthu zosavuta, komanso zigawo zambiri. Chifukwa chake, biomass ndi mafuta abwino kwambiri ndipo ndioyenera kutembenuka mtima ndikugwiritsa ntchito. Phulusa lotsalira pambuyo pa michere ya biomass imakhala ndi michere yofunikira ndi mbewu monga phosphorous, calcium, potaziyamu, kotero itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati feteleza wobwerera kumunda. Popeza malo osungirako zachilengedwe osungirako komanso zabwino zapadera zokhala ndi mphamvu zochulukirapo, pakadali pano zimadziwika kuti ndi chisankho chofunikira kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ndi mayiko padziko lonse lapansi. Kukula kwa National ndi Kusintha kwa Dziko la China kwanenedwa momveka bwino mu "dongosolo la kugwiritsira ntchito bwino kwa mbewu zaka 125 pofika chaka cha 2013% pofika chaka cha 2015.
Momwe mungasinthire mphamvu zamatsenga kukhala mphamvu zapamwamba, zoyera, komanso zosavuta ndipo vuto lamphamvu lithetsedwa. Tekinoloji yoyatsira njira ndi imodzi mwa njira zabwino zothandizira kusintha kwa mphamvu ya biomiss mphamvu ndikuwongolera mayendedwe. Pakadali pano pali mitundu inayi ya zida zophatikizira mumisika yapakhomo ndi yakunja: Kutalika kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, piston stamping makina a tinthu tating'onoting'ono, ndi mphete mphezi. Zina mwa izo, makina owuma mphete a mphezi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake monga kufunika kotentha, zofuna za 30%), makina akuluakulu amakina osokoneza bongo, ndikusintha kwakukulu. Komabe, mitundu iyi ya makina a Pellet nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi zovuta zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kuvala, moyo waufupi, ndalama zokwanira, komanso zosokoneza. Poyankha zolakwa zapamwamba za mphete za mphete za mphete, wolemba wapanga mtundu wazosintha mwatsopano wopanga mawonekedwe, ndikupanga mtundu wopangidwa ndi mawonekedwe owumbika ndi moyo wautali, kukonza zochepa, komanso kukonza. Pakadali pano, nkhaniyi idawunikira makina opanga nkhuni nthawi yake yogwira ntchito.
1. Kupanga kusintha kwa kapangidwe kake kapangidwe kachulukidwe ka mphukira
1.1 Kuyamba kwa Excerce Kukula:Mphete ya Pellet Pellet ikhoza kugawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: osimbika komanso opingana, kutengera pomwe mphete imafa; Malinga ndi mawonekedwe oyenda, imatha kugawika mitundu iwiri yoyenda: yogwira ntchito yokakamiza ndi mphete yokhazikika komanso yogwira ntchito yokakamiza podzikuza ndi nkhungu yowuma. Mapangidwe abwinowa amalinganiza kwambiri pamsinkhu wa mphete ndi kukakamiza kwamphamvu ndipo mphete yokhazikika ngati mawonekedwe. Zimakhala ndi magawo awiri: makina operekera ndi phokoso la mphete. Mphepo ya mphete ndi yozungulira ndi zigawo ziwiri za chipolopolo cha mphezi za mphete, ndi mabowo ambiri opanga nkhungu amagawa mozungulira mphete, ndipo kupsinjika kumayikidwa mkati mwa nkhungu. Kupanikizika kolumikizidwa kumalumikizidwa ndi kufalikira kwa spindle, ndipo nkhungu yowuma imayikidwa pa bulaketi yokhazikika. Pamene spindle imazungulira, imayendetsa kupanikizika kuti izungulire. Mfundo Yogwira Ntchito: Choyamba, makina opereka amapereka zinthu zomwe zimasokonekera mu tinthu tating'onoting'ono (3-5mm) kulowa m'chipinda cha Chipani. Kenako, mota amayendetsa shaft yayikulu kuti muyendetse kukakamizidwa, ndipo kupsinjika kumayenda mosalekeza kuti muchepetse zolimba ndi zolimba, zomwe zimakupangitsani zolimba ndi nkhaniyo. Pa nthawi yopukutira mkangano, cellulose ndi heremillilose mu zinthuzo kuphatikiza wina ndi mnzake. Nthawi yomweyo, kutentha komwe kumapangidwa ndi kukangana kumadzi kufinya mu binolic, komwe kumapangitsa cellulose, heminelliloul, ndi zinthu zina zimamangidwa molimba. Ndi kudzaza kosalekeza kwa zinthu zakufadira, kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndikukangana pakupanga mabowo owumba akupitiliza kuwonjezeka. Nthawi yomweyo, mphamvu yofinya pakati pa biomass ikupitiliza kuchuluka, ndipo zimangosintha mosalekeza ndi mitundu mu dzenje loumba. Kukakamizidwa kopitilira muyeso ndi kwakukulu kuposa mphamvu yaukadaulo, mbalameyi idatayidwa mosalekeza kuchokera kumabowo owumba mozungulira mphete, ndikupanga mafuta owumba ndi kachulukidwe kakang'ono ka 1g / cm3.
1.2 kuvala nkhungu zopanga:Makina amodzi omwe amatulutsa makina a pellet ndi akulu, okhala ndi ndalama zambiri komanso kusinthasintha kwamphamvu kwa zida zopangira. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pokonza zida zopangira za biomass, zoyenera kupanga zochuluka kwambiri zazomera zopanga zochulukirapo, ndikukumana ndi zofuna za chitukuko cha biomass kupangira mafakitale amtsogolo. Chifukwa chake, makina a nkhungu a mphete amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa mchenga wochepa ndi zosafunikira zina zomwe sizikuwoneka bwino m'mabuku a biomass, ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuvala kwakukulu ndikung'amba mphete za pellet. Moyo wautumiki wa nkhungu umawerengeredwa kutengera mphamvu zopangira. Pakadali pano, ntchito yautumiki ya mphete ku China ndi kokha 100-1000t.
Kulephera kwa nkhungu kumachitika makamaka m'mphepete mwake: ② Kutsetsereka kwa mawonekedwe a Imfa kwa nkhunda kumatha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zofalikira, ndikuchepetsa mphamvu ya kapangidwe kake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kulephera kwa bomba (Chithunzi 2); ③ Pambuyo pa makhoma amkati ndikuchepetsa kutsika kwa ndalama (Chithunzi 3);
④ Pambuyo pakuvala bowo lamkati la mphete, khoma la khoma pakati pa zikwangwani zoyandikana l zimakhala zowonda, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwamphamvu ya mphete ya mphete. Ming'alu imakonda kupezeka mu gawo lowopsa kwambiri, ndipo chifukwa cha ming'alu zikupitilira, zotsatira za mphete za nkhungu zimachitika. Chifukwa chachikulu chovalira mosavuta komanso moyo waufupi wa mphukira ndiye kuti mawonekedwe osawoneka bwino a mawonekedwe opanga mphete (mphuno ya mphete imaphatikizidwa ndi mabowo opanga nkhungu). Kapangidwe kawiri kawiriwa kumatha kuchita zinthu ngati izi: Nthawi zina pomwe mabowo ochepa opanga mphete atopa ndipo sangathe kugwira ntchito, zomwe sizimangobweretsa zosokoneza chuma, komanso kutaya zinyalala zazikulu ndikuwonjezera mtengo wokonza.
1.3 Mapangidwe osinthana ndi kupanga nkhunguKuti muwonjezere moyo wa chiwongola dzanja cha chinsinsi cha pellet, kuchepetsa kuvala, kuwongolera kubwezeretsa, ndikuchepetsa ndalama zowongolera, ndikofunikira kukonza mawonekedwe a mtundu wa mphukira. Mtengo woumbidwa unagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga, ndipo kapangidwe ka chipinda cha chipinda cha chipinda cham'mandenga chikuwonetsedwa pa Chithunzi 4. Chithunzi 5 chikuwonetsa lingaliro la gawo lamphamvu.
Mapangidwe abwinowa amapangidwa makamaka pamtunda wa mphete ndi mawonekedwe osunthika ogundika komanso okhazikika. Mphulu yotsika ya m'munsi imakhazikika pa thupi, ndipo othamanga awiriwo amalumikizidwa ndi gulu lalikulu kudzera mu mbale yolumikizira. Kupanga nkhuni kumaphatikizidwa pamphuno ya m'munsi (pogwiritsa ntchito zosokoneza), ndipo phokoso la mphete limakhazikika pamunsi pamunsi kudzera m'makola ndikuwombera. Nthawi yomweyo, pofuna kupewa kupanga kuti atulutsidwe chifukwa cha kukakamiza pambuyo pa zomangira zopitilira muyeso, zomata zomangira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza mawonekedwe a mphete mpaka kutsika. Kuti muchepetse kukana kwa zinthuzo zomwe zikulowetsa dzenje ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino kulowa dzenje. Kutalika kwa bowo lodyetsa nkhungu zopangidwa ndi 60 ° mpaka 120 °.
Mapangidwe opangidwa ndi kapangidwe kake ka nkhuni ili ndi machitidwe a moyo wamtundu wambiri komanso wautumiki wautali. Makina a tinthu agwirira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, kutaya miyambo kumapangitsa kuti nkhungu yopangidwa ikhale yokulirapo. Kukula nkhungu pomwe kumachotsedwa ndikukulitsidwa, itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zina mwazinthu zopanga tinthu. Izi zitha kukwaniritsa zogwiritsa ntchito nkhungu ndikusunga ndalama zothandizira komanso zobwezeretsa.
Kuti muwonjezere moyo wa granulator ndikuchepetsa mtengo wopangira, kupanikizika kumatenga chitsulo champhamvu cha kanene ndi kuvala bwino kukana, monga 65m. Kupanga nkhuni kuyenera kupangidwa ndi zitsulo zosalimba kapena zotsika-ma chromial chromiamu cromior aloy, monga momwe ziliri ndi nkhungu yotsika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi nkhungu yopanga. Chifukwa chake, chitsulo wamba kaboni, monga chitsulo 45, lingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati zinthu zophatikizira. Poyerekeza ndi nkhungu zopanga mphete, zimatha kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito chitsulo chamtengo wapatali, potero kuchepetsa mtengo wopangira.
2. Kusanthula kwamakina kwa nkhungu yopangidwa ndi makina a mphete ya mphete pazaka zopangidwa ndi nkhungu.
Pakakuumba, lignin mu zinthuzo limasinthidwa kwathunthu chifukwa cha zovuta zapamwamba komanso malo otentha kwambiri omwe amapangidwa mu nkhungu. Kupanikizika kopitilira muyeso sikukula, zomwe zidalipo pulasitiki. Zinthu zomwe zimayenda bwino pambuyo pa mapulasitiki, kotero kutalika kumatha kukhala d. Kupanga nkhuni kumawonedwa ngati chotengera chopanikizika, ndipo kupsinjika pa nkhungu kumayesedwa.
Kudzera munthawi yomwe ili pamwambapa, zitha kunenedwa kuti kuti mupeze zovuta pazinthu zilizonse mkati mwa nkhungu. Kenako, mphamvu yam'maso ndi kukakamizidwa pamalo amenewo kuwerengedwa.
3. Kumaliza
Nkhaniyi imangopanga njira yatsopano yokonzanso zinthu zopangira mawonekedwe a chivundikiro cha mphete. Kugwiritsa ntchito nkhungu zophatikizidwa kumatha kuchepetsa kuvala kwa nkhungu, kufalikira kwa nyengo yozungulira, kuwongolera m'malo ndikukonza, ndikuchepetsa mtengo wopanga. Nthawi yomweyo, kusanthula makina kumachitika pa nkhungu yopanga panthawi yake yogwira ntchito, ndikupereka maziko a kafukufuku wina mtsogolo.
Post Nthawi: Feb-22-2024