Kusasunthika kwamadzi, malo osalingana, kuchuluka kwa ufa, komanso kutalika kosafanana? Mavuto omwe amapezeka ndi njira zowonjezera pakupangira chakudya cham'madzi
Popanga chakudya cham'madzi tsiku lililonse, takumana ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana. Nazi zitsanzo zoti mukambirane ndi aliyense, motere:
1, Fomula
1. Pamapangidwe a chakudya cha nsomba, pali mitundu yambiri yazakudya monga ufa wa rapeseed, thonje ndi zina zotere, zomwe zili mu crude fiber. Mafakitale ena amafuta ali ndi ukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri, ndipo mafutawo amakhala okazinga owuma ndi ochepa kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, zida zamtunduwu sizimayamwa mosavuta popanga, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri granulation. Kuphatikiza apo, chakudya cha thonje ndizovuta kuphwanya, zomwe zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito.
2. Yankho: Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa keke ya rapeseed kwawonjezeka, ndipo zopangira zamtundu wapamwamba monga mpunga wa mpunga zawonjezeredwa ku ndondomekoyi. Kuphatikiza apo, tirigu, yemwe amawerengera pafupifupi 5-8% ya formula, wawonjezedwa. Kupyolera mu kusintha, mphamvu ya granulation mu 2009 ndi yabwino, ndipo zokolola pa tani zawonjezeka. Ma particles a 2.5mm ali pakati pa matani 8-9, kuwonjezeka kwa pafupifupi matani 2 poyerekeza ndi zakale. Maonekedwe a particles nawonso asintha kwambiri.
Kuonjezera apo, kuti ufa wa thonje ukhale wothandiza kwambiri, timasakaniza ufa wa thonje ndi rapeseed mu chiŵerengero cha 2:1 tisanaphwanye. Pambuyo pakusintha, liwiro lophwanyidwa linali lofanana ndi liwiro lophwanyidwa la ufa wa rapeseed.
2, Osafanana pamwamba particles
1. Zimakhudza kwambiri maonekedwe a mankhwala omalizidwa, ndipo akawonjezeredwa kumadzi, amatha kugwa ndipo amakhala ndi chiwerengero chochepa chogwiritsira ntchito. Chifukwa chachikulu ndi:
(1) Zopangirazo zimaphwanyidwa kwambiri, ndipo panthawi yotentha, sizimakula bwino komanso zimafewetsa, ndipo sizingagwirizane bwino ndi zipangizo zina podutsa mabowo a nkhungu.
(2) Mu nsomba chakudya chilinganizo ndi mkulu zili ulusi yaiwisi, chifukwa kukhalapo kwa thovu nthunzi mu zopangira pa kutentha ndondomeko, thovu kuphulika chifukwa cha kuthamanga kusiyana mkati ndi kunja nkhungu pa psinjika tinthu; chifukwa m'goli pamwamba pa particles.
2. Njira zoyendetsera:
(1) Yesetsani kuphwanya njira yoyenera
Pakadali pano, popanga chakudya cha nsomba, kampani yathu imagwiritsa ntchito ufa wa 1.2mm sieve ngati chochulukira. Timayang'anira kuchuluka kwa ntchito ya sieve ndi kuchuluka kwa nyundo kuti titsimikizire kuphwanya kwabwino.
(2) Kuwongolera kuthamanga kwa nthunzi
Malinga ndi chilinganizo, sinthani kuthamanga kwa nthunzi moyenera panthawi yopanga, nthawi zambiri kuwongolera mozungulira 0.2. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zida zopangira ulusi wamafuta muzakudya za nsomba, nthunzi yapamwamba kwambiri komanso nthawi yotentha imafunikira.
3, Kusamvana kwa madzi kwa tinthu ting'onoting'ono
1. Vuto lamtunduwu ndilofala kwambiri pakupanga tsiku lililonse, lomwe limakhudzana ndi izi:
(1) Kutentha kwakanthawi kochepa komanso kutentha pang'ono kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kutentha kosakwanira kapena kosakwanira, kupsa pang'ono, komanso chinyezi chosakwanira.
(2) Zida zomatira zosakwanira monga wowuma.
(3) Chiŵerengero cha kuponderezana kwa nkhungu ya mphete ndizochepa kwambiri.
(4) Mafuta amafuta ndi kuchuluka kwa zopangira ulusi wamafuta mu fomula ndizokwera kwambiri.
(5) Kuphwanya tinthu kukula chinthu.
2. Njira zoyendetsera:
(1) Sinthani mtundu wa nthunzi, sinthani mbali ya blade ya chowongolera, onjezerani nthawi yotentha, ndikuwonjezera chinyezi chazinthu zopangira.
(2) Sinthani chilinganizocho, moyenerera onjezani zopangira zowuma, ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwamafuta ndi zopangira zopangira.
(3) Onjezerani zomatira ngati kuli kofunikira. (Sodium based bentonite slurry)
(4) Sinthani kuchuluka kwa compression yaring kufa
(5) Yesetsani kuphwanya bwino
4, Kuchuluka kwa ufa mu tinthu ting'onoting'ono
1. Ndizovuta kuwonetsetsa kuwoneka kwa chakudya chambiri cha pellet mutatha kuzirala komanso musanayese. Makasitomala anena kuti pali phulusa labwino kwambiri ndi ufa mu pellets. Kutengera kusanthula pamwambapa, ndikuganiza kuti pali zifukwa zingapo za izi:
A. The tinthu pamwamba si yosalala, incision si bwino, ndi particles ndi lotayirira ndi sachedwa kupanga ufa;
B. Kuwunika kosakwanira potengera sikirini, ma mesh otsekeka, mipira ya rabara yovala kwambiri, pobowola makonde a skrini, ndi zina zotero;
C. Pali zotsalira za phulusa zambiri m'nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zomalizidwa, ndipo chilolezo sichili bwino;
D. Pali zoopsa zobisika pakuchotsa fumbi panthawi yolongedza ndikuyeza;
Njira zoyendetsera:
A. Konzani kapangidwe ka fomula, sankhani mphete moyenerera, ndikuwongolera chiŵerengero cha kuponderezana bwino.
B. Panthawi ya granulation, sungani nthawi yotentha, kuchuluka kwa chakudya, ndi kutentha kwa granulation kuti zipse bwino ndi kufewetsa zipangizo.
C. Onetsetsani kuti tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono taukhondo ndikugwiritsa ntchito mpeni wofewa wopangidwa ndi chitsulo.
D. Sinthani ndi kukonza zenera la magawo, ndikugwiritsa ntchito masinthidwe oyenera.
E. Kugwiritsa ntchito luso lachiwiri lowunika pansi pa nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zomalizidwa kungachepetse kwambiri chiŵerengero cha ufa.
F. Ndikofunikira kuyeretsa nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zomalizidwa ndi kuzungulira munthawi yake. Komanso, m`pofunika kusintha ma CD ndi fumbi kuchotsa chipangizo. Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito kukakamiza koyipa pakuchotsa fumbi, komwe kuli koyenera. Makamaka panthawi yolongedza, wogwira ntchito yolongedza amayenera kugogoda pafupipafupi ndikuyeretsa fumbi kuchokera ku buffer hopper ya sikelo yolongedza..
5, Utali wa tinthu timasiyana
1. Popanga tsiku ndi tsiku, nthawi zambiri timakumana ndi zovuta pakuwongolera, makamaka pamitundu yomwe ili pamwamba pa 420. Zifukwa za izi zikufotokozedwa mwachidule motere:
(1) Kuchuluka kwa chakudya cha granulation sikufanana, ndipo kutentha kumasinthasintha kwambiri.
(2) Kusiyana kosagwirizana pakati pa odzigudubuza nkhungu kapena kuvala kwambiri kwa nkhungu ya mphete ndi odzigudubuza.
(3) Pamphepete mwa njira ya axial ya nkhungu ya mphete, kuthamanga kwazitsulo kumbali zonse ziwiri kumakhala kochepa kuposa komwe kuli pakati.
(4) Bowo lochepetsera mphamvu la nkhungu ya mphete ndi lalikulu kwambiri, ndipo kutsegulira kwake ndikokwera kwambiri.
(5) Malo ndi ngodya ya tsamba lodula ndizosamveka.
(6) Kutentha kwa granulation.
(7) Mtundu ndi utali wothandiza (tsamba m'lifupi, m'lifupi) wa mphete yodulira mphete zimakhudza.
(8) Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kugawidwa kwa zipangizo mkati mwa chipinda choponderezedwa kumakhala kosagwirizana.
2. Ubwino wa chakudya ndi ma pellets nthawi zambiri amawunikidwa potengera makhalidwe awo amkati ndi kunja. Monga njira yopangira, timakhala tikukumana ndi zinthu zokhudzana ndi khalidwe lakunja la pellets ya chakudya. Kuchokera pakupanga, zinthu zomwe zimakhudza mtundu wa ma pellets amadzi am'madzi zitha kufotokozedwa mwachidule motere:
(1) Mapangidwe ndi makonzedwe a mafomuwa amakhudza mwachindunji ubwino wa ma pellets a chakudya cham'madzi, omwe amawerengera pafupifupi 40% ya chiwerengero chonse;
(2) Kuchuluka kwa kuphwanya ndi kufanana kwa tinthu tating'ono;
(3) The m'mimba mwake, psinjika chiŵerengero, ndi liniya liwiro la nkhungu mphete zimakhudza kutalika ndi awiri a particles;
(4) Chiŵerengero cha kuponderezana, kuthamanga kwa mzere, kuzimitsa ndi kutentha kwa nkhungu ya mphete, ndi chikoka cha tsamba lodula kutalika kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono;
(5) Chinyezi cha zinthu zopangira, kutentha, kuzizira ndi kuyanika kumakhudza kwambiri chinyezi ndi maonekedwe a zinthu zomalizidwa;
(6) The zida palokha, ndondomeko zinthu, ndi quenching ndi tempering zotsatira zimakhudza pa tinthu ufa okhutira;
3. Njira zoyendetsera:
(1) Sinthani utali, m’lifupi, ndi ngodya ya chopalira nsalu, ndipo m’malo mwa chopalira chomwe chathacho.
(2) Samalani kusintha malo a tsamba lodulira panthawi yake kumayambiriro ndi pafupi ndi mapeto a kupanga chifukwa cha chakudya chochepa.
(3) Panthawi yopanga, onetsetsani kuti chakudya chokhazikika komanso chopatsa mphamvu. Ngati kuthamanga kwa nthunzi kumakhala kochepa ndipo kutentha sikungathe kukwera, kuyenera kusinthidwa kapena kuyimitsidwa panthawi yake.
(4) Moyenera kusintha kusiyana pakati pawodzigudubuza chipolopolo. Tsatirani nkhungu yatsopano yokhala ndi zodzigudubuza zatsopano, ndipo konzekerani msanga malo osagwirizana a chopukutira chopondera ndi nkhungu ya mphete chifukwa chakuvala.
(5) Konzani bowo la kalozera wa nkhungu ya mphete ndipo yeretsani mwachangu dzenje lotsekeka.
(6) Poyitanitsa nkhungu ya mphete, chiŵerengero cha kuponderezana kwa mizere itatu ya mabowo kumbali zonse za axial ya nkhungu yoyambirira ya mphete ikhoza kukhala 1-2mm yaying'ono kuposa yomwe ili pakati.
(7) Gwiritsani ntchito mpeni wofewa, wokhala ndi makulidwe oyendetsedwa pakati pa 0.5-1mm, kuti muwonetsetse m'mphepete mwake momwe mungathere, kuti ukhale pamzere wa meshing pakati pa nkhungu ya mphete ndi chopukutira chopondera.
(8) Onetsetsani kukhazikika kwa nkhungu ya mphete, yang'anani nthawi zonse chilolezo cha spindle cha granulator, ndikusintha ngati kuli kofunikira.
6, Zowongolera mwachidule:
1. Kupera: Ubwino wa mphero uyenera kuyendetsedwa molingana ndi zofunikira
2. Kusakaniza: Kufanana kwa kusakaniza kwa zinthu zopangira kuyenera kuyendetsedwa kuti zitsimikizire kuchuluka kwa kusakaniza koyenera, nthawi yosakaniza, chinyezi, ndi kutentha.
3. Kukhwima: Kupanikizika, kutentha, ndi chinyezi cha makina otukusira ziyenera kuyendetsedwa
Kukula ndi mawonekedwe a tinthu tating'onoting'ono: mfundo zoyenera za nkhungu za psinjika ndi masamba odulidwa ziyenera kusankhidwa.
5. Madzi okhala ndi chakudya chomalizidwa: M'pofunika kuonetsetsa kuti kuyanika ndi kuzizira nthawi ndi kutentha.
6. Kupopera mafuta: M'pofunika kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwake kwa kupopera mafuta, kuchuluka kwa ma nozzles, ndi ubwino wa mafuta.
7. Kuwunika: Sankhani kukula kwa sieve malinga ndi zomwe zili.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-30-2023